Primary-source index: This bibliography is intentionally selective. It catalogs sources used in AppLoans evidence summaries rather than attempting to index every lending publication available.
Federal Reserve
The Federal Reserve SHED provides national context on household financial resilience, emergency expenses, savings, credit access and financial well-being.
CFPB
CFPB sources contribute market data, consumer complaint information, product research and regulatory context across payday lending, paycheck advances and BNPL.
FDIC
The FDIC household survey provides nationally representative evidence on unbanked and underbanked households and use of nonbank financial products.
FTC
FTC guidance and scam alerts are used as contextual evidence for advance-fee fraud, fake loan solicitations and requests for sensitive information.
Financial Consumer Agency of Canada
FCAC research supplies Canadian evidence on payday-loan use, consumer perspectives, financial well-being and borrowing behavior.
Bibliography
| Institution | Source | Date | Evidence type | Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Federal Reserve Board | Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2025 ↗ | 2026 | National survey | Strong |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | 2023 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households ↗ | 2024 | National household survey | Strong |
| Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | Data Spotlight: Developments in the Paycheck Advance Market ↗ | 2024 | Regulator market data | Strong |
| Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | Consumer Use of Payday, Auto Title, and Pawn Loans ↗ | 2021 | Survey + credit-record-linked research | Moderate |
| Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | Consumer Response Annual Report 2025 ↗ | 2026 | Consumer complaint data | Moderate |
| Federal Trade Commission | What To Know About Advance-Fee Loans ↗ | Current consumer guidance | Regulator consumer guidance | Contextual |
| Federal Trade Commission | Can you spot a fake loan text scam? ↗ | 2026 | Regulator scam alert | Contextual |
| Financial Consumer Agency of Canada | Understanding Payday Loan Use and Perspectives ↗ | Current research page | National consumer research | Strong |
| Financial Consumer Agency of Canada | Financial well-being in Canada: Survey results ↗ | 2025 | National survey research | Strong |
| Financial Consumer Agency of Canada | Payday loans: Market trends ↗ | 2025 page update | Regulator market research | Moderate |
| Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | The Buy Now, Pay Later Market ↗ | 2025 | Regulator market data | Strong |
Primary sources
How to use this page: This is a structured evidence summary, not a substitute for the original source. Read the source when precise methodology, definitions, tables, legal interpretation or current regulatory status matters.